GIS (Geographic Information System) is a swiftly rising hi-tech field that integrates
graphical features with tabular data, in order to evaluate the real-world problems.
It is also known as a Geographical Information System or Geospatial Information
System that integrates hardware and software, collects, stores, assembles, manipulates,
retrieves, analyzes, and displays all forms of geographically referenced information.
In other words GIS is a system or tool or computer-based methodology to:
- Gather, store, manipulate, retrieve and analyze space-related data.
- Retrieve and store data in forms of reports, charts, and maps.
- View, recognize question, understand, and envisage data in many ways.
- Has an answer to all of your questions by simply looking at your data.
What is the need of GIS?
Geographic Information System proves to be the key solution provider to better decision-making
for an organization. Whatever a society, company, or public organization does, whether
in daily operations or long-term planning related to its geography, the biggest
strength of GIS is its capability to integrate different map layers for different
types of information and then to unite them in any way preferred or required. Data
in GIS consists of geographic or spatial, data linked to explanatory or tabular
information. GIS uses earth coordinates like latitude and longitude for alignment
of the layers used.
For example, a group of people concerned in municipal planning would like to see
the town map for further development of suitable areas. They can find a map on GIS
showing various conditions like prime agricultural land, surface water, high flood
frequency, and highly erodible land. The committee can utilize this information
to make decisions about land planning, canal routing, and building permits etc.
GIS results can be analyzed in three ways:
- The Database Mode: GIS is basically a unique kind of database that describes
the world in geographic terms. It is an information system which provides integrated
data in the form of maps and tables. You can say it is a structured database developed
for maintaining the data in geographic terms.
- The Map Mode: In the map mode, GIS shows a set
of maps and other information. It also shows some feature relationships on the earth's
surface. Analysis, support queries and editing of the information can be done by
creating maps of the underlying geographic information used with Windows into the
database.
- The Model Mode: GIS is a helpful tool in altering
set of information from new geographic datasets to existing datasets. Information
is transferred from existing datasets to new derived datasets by applying analytic
functions with the help of these geoprocessing functions.
You can create your own model which will help you in answering the questions by
combining data and applying some analytic rules. Quark Gen IT Solutions is on the
run of developing portable GIS, GIS applications and supporting tool kits that can
be run off by a memory stick. Portable can be run only on windows.
GIS Technology provides outstanding support for:
- Planning projects for land utilization.
- Investigations on Ecological and Hydrological projects.
- Assessments on Environmental research.
- Planning of Watershed Assessments and Well-head Protection Programs.
- Water quality Monitoring and Assessment Programs.
- Development projects in water resources.
- Design and construction of Dams, Irrigation Systems, Water System Infrastructure.
- Private and Public Education Programs.
- Planning for Agricultural and Forest land.
The information in the database of an organization can be integrated using GIS database.
It uses the IP address to integrate the database. Once data is integrated all the
departments in an organization can share, access and accumulate data with the latest
information available. Accessibility to better quality and on-time availability
of data may help your organization to craft improved decisions.
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